20th-century translators

Elie Wiesel

Romanian-born American writer, professor, political activist, Nobel laureate, and Holocaust survivor

J. R. R. Tolkien

English writer, poet, philologist, and academic, best known as the author of the high fantasy works The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings

Wole Soyinka

Nigerian playwright, novelist, poet, and essayist in the English language

Isaac Bashevis Singer

Polish-born Jewish-American writer who wrote and published first in Yiddish and later translated himself into English with the help of editors and collaborators

Marcel Proust

French novelist, critic, and essayist who wrote the monumental novel In Search of Lost Time , originally published in French in seven volumes between 1913 and 1927. He is considered by critics and writers to be one of the most influential authors of the 20th century.

Milan Kundera

Czech writer who went into exile in France in 1975, becoming a naturalised French citizen in 1981. Kundera’s Czechoslovak citizenship was revoked in 1979; he received his Czech citizenship in 2019. He “sees himself as a French writer and insists his work should be studied as French literature and classified as such in book stores”.Kundera’s best-known work is The Unbearable Lightness of Being