Metaphor which means “Using the understanding gained by major thinkers who have gone before in order to make intellectual progress”.It is a metaphor of dwarfs standing on the shoulders of giants and expresses the meaning of “discovering truth by building on previous discoveries”. This concept has been dated to the 12th century, according to John of Salisbury is attributed to Bernard of Chartres
16th-century political treatise written by Italian diplomat and political theorist Niccol Machiavelli as an instruction guide for new princes and royals
Series of humorous science fiction short stories by Polish writer Stanisaw Lem, originally published in 1965, with an English translation appearing in 1974. The main protagonists of the series are Trurl and Klapaucius, the “constructors”.The vast majority of characters are either robots or intelligent machines
Book about the history of science by the philosopher Thomas S. Kuhn
Young adult novel written by American author Madeleine L’Engle
Novel by Stephen King about a time traveller who attempts to prevent the assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy, which occurred on November 22, 1963 . It is the 60th book published by Stephen King, his 49th novel and the 42nd under his own name
Novel written by Franz Kafka in 1914 and ’15 and published posthumously on 26 April 1925. One of his best known works, it tells the story of Josef K., a man arrested and prosecuted by a remote, inaccessible authority, with the nature of his crime revealed neither to him nor to the reader
Dystopian social science fiction novel by English author Aldous Huxley, written in 1931 and published in 1932. Largely set in a futuristic World State, whose citizens are environmentally engineered into an intelligence-based social hierarchy, the novel anticipates huge scientific advancements in reproductive technology, sleep-learning, psychological manipulation and classical conditioning that are combined to make a dystopian society which is challenged by only a single individual: the story’s protagonist
1947 journey by raft across the Pacific Ocean from South America to the Polynesian islands, led by Norwegian explorer and writer Thor Heyerdahl
1961 science fiction novel by American author Robert A. Heinlein
